Why HNA Methodology matters
A practical guide to HNA Methodology for commissioners, public health teams and local authority leaders. Learn the governance, evidence and delivery steps that improve outcomes and reduce risk. Needs assessments are most valuable when they combine quantitative data with qualitative insight and translate findings into actionable commissioning priorities.
Understanding Improving Outcomes through HNA Methodology across the NHS
The Provider Selection Regime (PSR) replaced the previous NHS procurement rules in January 2024, introducing new decision-making processes for awarding healthcare contracts. Unlike the previous Procurement, Patient Choice and Competition Regulations, the PSR provides commissioners with greater flexibility — including direct award options where continuity of care, patient safety or service integration justify it. However, the regime also requires commissioners to demonstrate transparent decision-making and to consider whether competitive tendering would better serve patients.
Providers need to understand the three PSR decision-making processes: Direct Award Process A (for services where there is only one capable provider), Direct Award Process B (for services meeting specific criteria around continuity and integration), and the Most Suitable Provider process which involves competitive evaluation. Each route has different evidence requirements and timelines.
The PSR also introduces new requirements around stakeholder engagement. Commissioners must demonstrate that they have considered patient views, provider feedback and clinical input when making award decisions. Providers who engage proactively with commissioners — sharing outcome data, innovation proposals and partnership plans — are better positioned regardless of which award route is used.
The current landscape
Joint Strategic Needs Assessments (JSNAs) are a statutory requirement for Health and Wellbeing Boards, but their quality varies enormously. The best JSNAs are living documents that are regularly updated, linked to commissioning priorities, and used actively by decision-makers. The worst are comprehensive but impenetrable reports that sit on a shelf and are never referenced in commissioning conversations.
Effective health needs assessment goes beyond epidemiological data. While prevalence rates, mortality data and hospital admission statistics provide the quantitative foundation, understanding the lived experience of communities — through focus groups, surveys, and engagement with voluntary sector organisations — adds essential context that numbers alone cannot provide.
What organisations need to know
This article focuses on Improving Outcomes through HNA Methodology across the NHS and the wider priorities around HNA Methodology, Health Needs Analysis, NHS, healthcare strategy, best practice. The strongest organisations do not treat this as a stand-alone exercise — they connect governance, workforce, communication and evidence so leaders can make decisions quickly and confidently.
Commissioners, public health teams and local authority leaders should consider these questions before proceeding:
- How will the needs assessment be kept current and relevant over time?
- What equality considerations should be built into the methodology from the start?
- What data sources are available, and where are the gaps in local intelligence?
Practical checklist
Getting HNA Methodology right requires structured preparation and disciplined follow-through:
- Use multiple data sources — population health, service utilisation, stakeholder insight and published evidence
- Identify gaps between need and current provision with clear quantification where possible
- Present findings in a format that commissioners and decision-makers can act on
- Translate HNA Methodology into named actions, owners and realistic deadlines
- Keep evidence, decisions and outcomes in one place so future assurance, inspection or procurement activity is easier to manage
Evidence you should have ready
Organisations with strong evidence bases consistently perform better in health needs analysis activities. Key evidence includes:
- Qualitative research including focus groups, interviews and community surveys
- Published evidence and NICE guidelines relevant to the population group
- Public Health England (now OHID) fingertips data and population health profiles
Governance considerations
Strong governance underpins successful delivery. For HNA Methodology, this means:
- Clear commissioning of the needs assessment with agreed scope, timeline and budget
- Steering group with representation from public health, commissioning, providers and communities
Common mistakes to avoid
Based on our experience working with commissioners, public health teams and local authority leaders, these are the most frequent errors:
- Producing data-heavy documents that are too academic for operational decision-making
- Failing to engage communities and service users in defining what matters most
- Treating the needs assessment as a one-off document rather than a living resource
Avoiding these pitfalls requires leadership commitment, clear accountability and a willingness to seek independent review when internal perspectives may be limited.
How CPGB Ltd can help
We support commissioners, public health teams and local authority leaders with health needs assessments, JSNA support, equality impact analyses and service evaluations. Our team combines frontline health and social care experience with practical consultancy so recommendations are proportionate, evidence-led and built for real delivery.
With over 100 years of combined NHS experience and a track record that includes contracts worth over £200 million, investigations across 50+ NHS trusts and 40+ CQC improvements achieved, we bring both credibility and practical expertise to every engagement.
Contact us to discuss HNA Methodology and the wider priorities around Health Needs Analysis, NHS, healthcare strategy, best practice.